The signal can be defined as anything that tells u something about some property. Like
Motion-i.e. change of position w.r.t time
Sound-pressure variations in medium w.r.t time etc. These are 2 very popular examples and u can observe which property we are observing.
MATHEMATICAL REPRESENTATION OF A SIGNAL
Signal can be mathematically represented by a dependent variable and independent variable.
Example: x(t) = t(square) + 1
Also a signal a could be represented by sinusoidal wave .eg.x(t)=A sin (2pift+thita).
The parameters of the signal are:
It is a very interesting subject because most of the problems are based on numerical analysis and derivations and complex calculations and a very less theory. Even more interesting is when you get into the deep of the creation of algorithms for coding and decoding information.
Basically, you will learn signal and systems as follow,
Applications of signals and systems:
The signal is a detectable physical quantity by which information can be transmitted. The system is the one that processes the signal to give an output. By learning signals and systems we will have an idea of different types of signals and how a system produces an output. We can clearly get an idea about what happens inside a system. This can also be a help for learning digital image processing, digital signal processing, audio signal processing, etc.(basically we can get a clear idea about signal processing).
These are the few advantages of signals and systems in our daily life.
What is the difference between a causal signal and a causal system?
Causal signals are the ones that are present only for t > 0. It means that they do not exist for a negative time. Practically, they only come into existence at the instant of observation. Assuming origin as the instant of observation, they exist only for t > 0. Crudely, we may also say causal signals exist in the right half of the chosen axes.
Causal systems are the ones in which the present output depends on either past input or present input. It simply means that they need some input in order to produce an output. They are practical systems as every system needs an input to produce an output. No practical system can exist in which output comes before the input is given.
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